Ligament surgery is a medical procedure performed to repair or reconstruct damaged ligaments, which are bands of tough, flexible tissue that connect bones or cartilage to stabilize and support joints. Here’s an overview of key aspects: ### Types of Ligament Surgery 1. *Reconstruction Surgery*: Often involves using a graft (from the patient or a donor) to replace a torn ligament, such as in ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries. 2. *Repair Surgery*: Focuses on stitching the torn ligament back together, often performed when the ligament is only partially torn or still attached to the bone. ### Common Ligament Surgeries 1. *ACL Reconstruction*: A common procedure for sports-related knee injuries. 2. *MCL Repair*: For medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee. 3. *Ankle Ligament Repair*: Often performed for chronic ankle instability. 4. *UCL Reconstruction (Tommy John Surgery)*: Common for baseball pitchers with elbow ligament injuries. ### Procedure Steps 1. *Diagnosis*: Imaging tests like MRI or X-rays confirm the extent of the damage. 2. *Preparation*: Includes physical therapy to strengthen the joint before surgery. 3. *Surgery*: - Performed arthroscopically or via open surgery. - Damaged ligament is repaired or reconstructed using grafts. 4. *Recovery*: - Involves physical therapy to restore strength and mobility. - Recovery times vary; for ACL surgery, it typically takes 6-12 months. ### Risks and Benefits #### Risks: - Infection - Blood clots - Stiffness or limited mobility - Re-injury if proper care isn't taken during recovery #### Benefits: - Restores joint stability and function - Prevents long-term joint damage or arthritis - Improves quality of life, especially for active individuals ### Post-Surgery Care - Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) during the initial recovery phase